Executive Summary : | The development of two-dimensional (2D) materials, particularly layered transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), has led to significant advancements in condensed matter physics, material sciences, photonics, and nanotechnology. These materials have unique electronic band structures, anisotropic properties, giant dielectric constants, and non-linear behavior, making them promising for implementing devices with enhanced functionalities. The research focuses on investigating the electronic band structures and optical properties of layered TMDs to understand electron transport within the material and the corresponding light-matter interactions. One of the prominent features of layered TMDs is the indirect to direct band gap transition by reducing the thickness to monolayers, making them highly promising for optoelectronic devices. The research focuses on tuning their band gaps through heterojunction formation for tailored electronic and optoelectronic applications, including high-performance transistors, ultra-broadband photodetectors, sensors, and light-emitting diodes. Additionally, the research aims to fabricate quantum devices based on TMDs that generate single photons, which is helpful for quantum optics and quantum communication systems. The concept of charge density waves (CDW) is also explored, which results from the variation in the conduction electron density associated with atomic displacements. By controlling CDW phase transitions through external parameters in van der Waals heterojunctions, the researchers aim to unlock unprecedented applications for electronics, optoelectronics, and quantum technologies. |