Executive Summary : | Internet of things (IoT) and Machine to Machine (M2M) communication are some of the emerging technologies that have varied applications. In IoT paradigm, the wide deployments of monitoring, tracking and controlling systems in indoor and outdoor environments highly demand a huge amount of spectrum to enable new services with improved quality of service (QoS). Currently, all the IoT devices operate in the unlicensed band in respective regions (2.4 GHz worldwide and in India) which is also operated by other wireless services like WiFi, Bluetooth and Zigbee. With the projected increase in the IoT enable services for the future, there is going to be spectrum scarcity. In order to improve the efficiency of spectrum usage, the cognitive radio (CR) technology was proposed for many potential applications and exciting opportunities such as rural connectivity, content distribution networks, city and campus-wide coverage, and giant wireless hotspots that could benefit from the new spectrum access and management. In recent years, many researchers have focused in the design and development of cognitive radio systems for autonomously sensing and monitoring spectrum holes and dynamically adapting the operational conditions and protocols by identifying the potential communications quality impairments, including interference, shadowing path loss, and multipath fading. One of the popular cognitive radio concepts is opportunistic radio spectrum access which is the temporal, spatial, and geographic reuse of licensed spectrum by allowing an unlicensed secondary user (SU) to use licensed spectrum of primary users (PUs) without interfering with any primary users (PUs) or non-cognitive radios. The existing state of the art IoT platforms like LoRa, Sigfox and Symphony lab lack the necessary flexibility/reconfigurability to implement CR concepts for better spectrum utilization. In this project, it is proposed to develop a reconfigurable cognitive radio platform for M2M communication and IoT devices. The literature surveys showed that the design and development of light-weight low-power cognitive radio technology necessitate collaborative efforts from interdisciplinary research communities, including wireless communications and networking, signal processing and machine learning, reconfigurable antenna, embedded software-hardware design, low-power radio-frequency circuit design. The main challenges of CRs are summarized by looking at key functions of the physical (PHY), medium access control (MAC), and network (NET) layers and practical implementation scenarios: spectrum sensing, cooperative spectrum sensing, transceiver design, sensing scheduling schemes, spectrum-aware access MAC protocols, spectrum-aware routing, quality-of-service (QoS) control, security, and flexible reconfigurable hardware design. Since IoT is in evolving stage with standardization efforts going on, the development of such technology will help us to participate in standardization activities. |
Co-PI: | Dr Srinivas Boppu, Assistant Professor, Dr Debapratim Ghosh, Assistant Professor, Dr Sudipta Saha, Assistant Professor, Dr M.Sabarimalai Manikandan, Associate Professor, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Bhubaneswar |