Executive Summary : | Electric vehicles (EVs) integrated with a Micro Grid (MG) with renewable energies such as PV systems will give way for the envisioned future for a pollution-free environment. An efficient design of EV charging infrastructure is of significant importance to automotive industries. These charging infrastructures connected to MG are expected to meet flexible and uninterrupted service. However, designing energy management strategy (EMS) of charging station connected to a MG is a challenging task due to the intermittency of PV power generation and power transfer scenarios. A smart bidirectional charging station reduces transmission losses with better power flow control. However, the uncoordinated charging of battery EVs with the MG results in ineffective utilization of the renewable energy sources connected to the charging station. There is a need to develop charging stations that include multiport charging facility, which will prohibit overloading of the grid. The project will analyze the technical issues; e.g. energy management strategy and converter control of EV charging from a MG-PV and its effective utilization, maintenance of the DC bus voltage irrespective of the utility grid overloading, which is caused by either local load or the inadequate of PV power. Further, the charge controller will provide closed loop charging through constant current and voltage to reduce the charging time. The aim of an EMS is to minimize the usage of utility grid power and store PV power when EV is not connected for charging. Methodology & utility The methodology of this proposal is to design a 10 kW PV-MG based Multiport converter with embedded MPPT and energy management features connected with inverter for MG connected EV charging station. Different modes of energy management strategies are to be developed for the proposed MG-EV power transfer to achieve continuous power supply to the EV charging point. The proposed charging structure will accomplish Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) in the same bidirectional converter together with control functions needed for PV integration to MG, battery and to control the bidirectional power flow. An EMS will be integrated to this charging system for coordinating the EV charging and power distribution between MG and EV and vice-versa. Justification and anticipated impact The efficiency of a MG-EV bidirectional charging system connected to MG will be evaluated based on the power demands met by the MG. The proposed smart EV charging system is expected to achieve improved grid stability with reduced tariff for the EV customers by feeding power back to MG. The scope of the proposed idea is to realize Govt. policies for accelerating adoption of EVs enhancing the uses of EVs and minimizing the adverse effects of IC engines vehicles to the environment. EVs are completely new in Indian market so lots of research scopes are to modify the existing technologies for EV charging stations. |