Executive Summary : | Industrial catalytic processes mainly rely on the precious metals such as platinum, palladium, Iridium, rhodium, etc. In contrast, redox catalysis essential to life is carried out by metalloenzymes that feature exclusively earth-abundant metals. Earth-abundant metals can be alternative to these precious metals. These metals have distinctive properties thus provides opportunities for catalyst design in organic synthesis. In recent years, research has been focused to develop earth-abundant metals catalysts for C-H bond functionalization under ambient reaction conditions. Metal-catalyzed direct functionalization of C-H bonds has established itself as one of the most innovative fields in synthetic chemistry. Non-precious-metal-catalyzed reactions are of increasing importance in chemistry due to the outstanding ecological and economic properties of these metals. Cobalt has become one of the most important transition metals in C-H bond functionalization. The competitive cost, availability and lower toxicity of cobalt compared to precious transition metals constitute valuable advantages of the methods. This project will be focused on the two different synthetic methodology i.e. development of well-defined cobalt catalysts for the synthesis of nitrogen containing heterocycles via C-H amination reactions and efficient synthesis of heterocycles via C-H functionalization using dual photoredox and cobalt catalysis. Ligands such as N-heterocyclic carbene, bis(pyrrolyl)pyridine etc. will be used to generate the new class of well-defined cobalt catalysts for the C-H bond functionalization reactions. In addition, green or environmentally sustainable methods will be developed for the synthesis of various heterocycles via C-H bond functionalization by dual catalysis (merging cobalt and photocatalysis with/without using photosensitizers). In this project, the new cobalt catalysts will be developed for the sustainable synthesis of heterocycles via C-H bond functionalization. Various spectroscopic techniques and computational studies will be used to understand the metals reactivity and mechanistic study. |