Executive Summary : | Hyperthermia is a heat generation process used in treating cancer cells, causing tumor shrinkage. Magnetic nanoparticles, such as ferrofluid, can be used to target cancerous cells, and magnetic colloidal suspensions, particularly iron oxides, are being studied for applications in contrast agents, controlled hyperthermia, and targeted drug delivery. However, the main challenge is the transition of these materials from laboratory to clinic. Addressing toxicity and safe release from human bodies is crucial. superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (sPIONs) have gained attention for hyperthermia applications due to their chemical stability and magnetic nature. sPIONs can be monitored using a magnetic field, and their thermal energy generation is influenced by eddy current loss, relaxation loss, and hysteresis loss. Néel relaxation loss and Brownian relaxation loss dominate the heat generation process under an applied alternating magnetic field. Carbon-based materials and sPIONs hybrids have promising applications in cancer theranostics due to their stability in biological environments and photo-ablation of malignant tumors. Channeled efforts are needed to develop and optimize these nanomagnetic materials for clinical applications. |