Executive Summary : | The approach to the treatment of fractures in young growing dogs paid attention to veterinary orthopedic surgeons. The bone remodeling capacity in young animals corrects residual deformations through growth, while the classical methods of osteosynthesis may entail many complications. Spontaneous bone remodeling is subject to the fracture site, the type and degree of displacement, and the age of animal. Surgical procedures available for the treatment of adult dogs cannot be applied to young growing ones. Plate osteosynthesis requires expensive instrumentation and cause extensive insult to periostium which plays an important role in the fracture healing. Intramedullary pinning remains the most popular internal fixation technique in small animal orthopaedics for the management of long bone fracture (Ozsoy, 2004). Some of the potential complications reported with this technique were like pin migration (Libardoniet al., 2018), seroma formation (Vanniniet al., 1988), sciatic injury (Palmer et al., 1988), damage to intra-articular structures (Howard, 1991), angular limb deformities and epiphyseal trauma in young dogs (Black and Withrow, 1979). This has been correlated to poor biomechanical property against rotational and compressive forces (Piermatteiet al., 2006). The effectiveness of plate fixation in preventing rotation is well established (Muller et al., 1970). However, the high cost of bone plates and expensive instrumentation to install them, limits their routine use in veterinary orthopedics (Withrow, 1978). Elastic nails are mainly used for bone consolidation and rapidly attain by helping in the development of external callus, which is the physiological alternative of consolidation. Biomechanical models have demonstrated the ability of elastic nails to convert distraction forces into compression forces and vice versa (Hunter, 2005). The bending of elastic nails creates more points of contact between the bone and the nails and maintaining reduction (Kubiak et al., 2005). Thus, callus is rapidly formed and development of this type of callus is favored by relative elastic mobility at fracture level and the respect of the biological fracture consolidation principles. Management of long bone fractures in growing dogs due to prevention of physis injury and thin cortex is always a challenge. This study will provide a cost-effective nailing system for elastic osteosynthesis of long bone fracture in growing dogs. New design can tackle fracture healing problem in young dogs more effectively and will help in fast fracture healing. Clinical and biomechanical evaluation of nailing system will help to provide elastic bone osteosynthesis and will be an alternate cost-effective fracture treatment option for management of long bone fractures in growing dogs. Once clinical data will be generated for its efficacy, product will have potential for design registration/ technology commercialization. |
Co-PI: | Dr. Aswathy Gopinathan, ICAR - Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh-243122, Dr. Mozammel Hoque, ICAR - Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh-243122, Dr. Swapan Kumar Maiti, ICAR - Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh-243122 |