Life Sciences & Biotechnology
Title : | Nanopore-Based Biosensing Precepts for Identifying Specific Amino Acids: A Novel Approach for the Detection of Early Tumour Cells |
Area of research : | Life Sciences & Biotechnology |
Focus area : | Nanobiotechnology and Cancer Diagnostics |
Principal Investigator : | Dr. ShanmugaSundar Saravanabhavan, Aarupadai Veedu Institute Of Technology, Tamil Nadu |
Timeline Start Year : | 2024 |
Timeline End Year : | 2026 |
Contact info : | sundarannauniv85@gmail.com |
Details
Executive Summary : | The creation of innovative monomolecular techniques for the detection and identification of protein molecules, with a focus on the detection of single biomolecules, is a pressing issue. Monomolecular methods rely on the use of molecular detectors to detect single biomolecules at high sensitivity. Recently, the nanopore-based technology has been successfully used for DNA sequencing, including both analyses using reference libraries and de novo assembly. The simplicity and low cost of experimentation make this technology attractive for many tasks. Commercial versions of nanopore sequencer have been developed. There are also some disadvantages with DNA sequencing: a large number of errors and the instability of protein-modified nanopores. In the case of the analysis of single DNA copies, the situation is simpler than in the analysis of single copies of proteins, as for DNA there is an amplification procedure (PCR). However, protein molecules cannot be amplified. Protein amino acid sequence determination remains an unsolved problem. The main aim of this project is the investigation and control of the interaction of amino acid residues of a protein with an inorganic surface used for nanopore fabrication. Since transitions of proteins in their native conformation through the pore are hindered, in our study, an approach for reading the primary structure of a denatured protein will be used. To solve the tasks of the project, our approach will be tested on tumor antigen and its glycated form. Principles of protein registration and detection of the primary structure of the protein using an inorganic nanopore will be developed. A nanopore in a thin silicon nitride membrane or based on nanodiamond structures with pore sizes of the order of one nm will be developed and fabricated for this purpose. The film with the nanopore will be installed in an electrochemical cell, splitting this cell into two volumes (two chambers). These volumes will be filled with saline solution and included in the electrical circuit to record the current through the pore. The solution of the preliminary denatured protein to be studied will be loaded into the upper chamber; under the applied voltage between the chambers, the protein will pass through the nanopore. At that point, in the course of passing through the pore, amino acid residues from the protein chain will cause blockades of the current. This will allow us to read the length of the protein chain and track the amino acid residues as they pass. In the course of its implementation, this approach will allow us to investigate the interaction of the protein chain with an inorganic nanopore and can well be used in the future for the development of models of the interaction of protein with inorganic materials, as well as for the development of molecular detectors for the detection of single protein molecules and for the identification of single protein molecules. This also opens up a new way to treat deadly diseases like cancer. |
Total Budget (INR): | 21,25,810 |
Organizations involved