Executive Summary : | The detection of biologically and environmentally important analyte(s), such as ions, small molecules and biomolecules has emerged as an interesting area of research with wide application in the field of environmental analysis and medical diagnostics. several probes have been developed for the recognition of biologically important species in vitro and in vivo. several of them suffer a complete solubility in water and therefore application in real sample analysis is difficult. Analyte-responsive fluorescent probes are essential molecular tools for bioimaging as they exhibit the advantages of high sensitivity and are simple for implementation. To deal with this issue a large number of different fluorescent probes to target different analytes and exhibiting different kind of fluorescence mechanism has been described in the literature. Most of the fluorescent probes have their absorption and emission in UV-Visible region that makes them difficult to implement for the recognition and imaging purposes in the live cells. The reason is the background noise due to high absorption and autofluorescence of biomolecules in the UV/Vis region. Thus, there is a great need to design such systems which have their absorption and emission in the lower region, water compatible and resistance to photobleaching, so that such difficulties in imaging and recognition purposes can be successfully removed. The main objective of this research proposal is to develop near infrared dyes to overcome such limitations. NIR dyes are promising probes for the recognition and imaging purposes due to their absorption and emission range (650-900 nm). They penetrate more deeply in the tissues, leads to lesser damage and minimum interference from background auto-fluorescence by biomolecules in the living systems as compared to other fluorescent probes. During the research period the main objective will be the synthesis of ratiometric NIR dyes for the recognition of pH and Hypoxia, environment in solution with further application in bioimaging studies of live cells. |